Planning hydrogen systems

Das Dokument bietet Richtlinien für die Planung, Konstruktion und den sicheren Betrieb von Pipelines, die reinen Wasserstoff und Wasserstoffmischungen transportieren. Im Umgang mit Spannungsrisskorrosion werden zudem Design- und Inspektionstechniken empfohlen.

The international standard for electrical, electronic and programmable electronic systems defines general requirements for functional safety. It forms the basis for many sector-specific SIL standards.

The Machinery Directive aims to guarantee a high level of health and safety protection during the operation of machinery. It lays down essential requirements that manufacturers must fulfil before placing machinery on the market in the EU. Key words: EC Declaration of Conformity and CE labelling. The directive applies to machinery, chains and electric drives, among other things.

The guidelines describe various suitable metallic materials such as alloy steels, stainless steels, nickel alloys as well as copper and cobalt alloys and general information on plastics.

The standard contains requirements for the compatibility of materials for gas cylinders and accessories with hydrogen. It supports the selection of materials that do not become brittle or corrode due to the gas.

This standard also specifies guidelines for material selection. It requires metallic materials to be resistant to corrosion and stress cracking in environments containing H₂S. See also hydrogen embrittlement.

The directive deals with the explosion protection of equipment and protective systems in potentially explosive atmospheres. It applies to devices that are potential ignition sources, as well as to their components and safety devices.

The Low Voltage Directive specifies safety requirements for electrical appliances with a rated voltage of 50-1000 V AC or 75-1500 V DC. The EMC Directive in turn ensures that electrical and electronic equipment is electromagnetically compatible and does not cause harmful interference.

EIGA IGC 121/14 provides specific guidelines for the use of hydrogen pipelines. See also category 1 "Safety and design requirements" and 2 "Material selection and assessment".

The directive sets requirements for the design, manufacture and conformity assessment of pressure equipment and assemblies with a maximum permissible pressure of more than 0.5 bar.

The standard describes the requirements that apply to the materials for industrial pipework and its supports made of metallic materials in accordance with EN 13480-1. Also relevant for hydrogen applications.

This code applies to pipelines and lines that are operated with gaseous hydrogen, hydrogen mixtures or liquid hydrogen. It also specifies requirements for the connection points between the pipelines and the associated pressure vessels.

This standard focuses on the qualification and certification of personnel for non-destructive testing (NDT). They are important for checking the integrity and quality of materials and components in hydrogen plants without damaging them. The tests include the inspection of welds, pipes, vessels and other critical components.

This part of ISO 15848 describes test methods for assessing the external tightness of, among other things, body connections of shut-off valves and control valves that work with volatile air contaminants and hazardous liquids - essential for minimising leaks and improving plant safety.

The Machinery Directive specifies a number of testing and inspection requirements, including the conformity assessment procedure and the EC type examination. It also stipulates the creation of comprehensive technical documentation and operating instructions.

The protective measures of TRGS 500 define a framework for handling hazardous substances in the workplace in order to ensure the health and safety of employees. The STOP principle is applied here, which stands for substitution, technical, organisational and personal protective measures.

The REACH Regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) was issued by the European Union to improve the protection of health and the environment from the risks posed by chemicals. It obliges manufacturers and importers to prove the safety of chemicals by registering them and assessing their risks.

The CLP Regulation (Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures) implements the United Nations' Globally Harmonised System (GHS) in EU law. It harmonises the criteria for the classification of chemical substances and mixtures with regard to their health, environmental and physical hazards.

This standard specifies the requirements for the quality of hydrogen used as fuel in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) for road transport. It defines degrees of purity and the maximum permissible concentrations of impurities such as carbon monoxide, sulphur compounds, ammonia and particles.

The European standard is based on the above-mentioned ISO 14687 and provides additional requirements and guidelines for quality assurance. It is intended to ensure a consistently high quality of hydrogen.

DVGW G 260 specifies requirements for the quality of gases that are transported and distributed in public gas supply networks. This includes natural gas, biogas, synthetic natural gas (SNG) and hydrogen. 

The minimum technical requirements of Open Grid Europe GmbH for grid connections and gas pressure regulating and metering stations include Design and safety standards (e.g. specifications for materials), control and safety mechanisms (e.g. use of pressure regulation technologies) as well as certifications and maintenance measures (e.g. fulfilment of safety certificates and inspections).

The worksheet of the German Technical and Scientific Association for Gas and Water refers to the technical regulations for the maintenance and operation of gas pipelines. It focuses in particular on the safety and efficiency of feeding hydrogen into gas supply networks.

This worksheet deals with the utilisation of gases from renewable sources in the public gas supply. It deals with the guidelines for the feed-in and utilisation of biogas, synthetic methane and hydrogen in public gas supply networks. It also supports the integration of renewable gases - including hydrogen - into the existing gas infrastructure.

DVGW G 685 is a standard that defines specific requirements and guidelines for the injection of renewable gases such as hydrogen into gas supply networks. This standard deals with both the technical and safety aspects of feeding in gases from renewable sources.